资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
年货销售进入爆发期:南北方差异大,年轻人减负式返乡****** 随着春运开启,返乡过年人群增多,年货销量开始逐步上升。美团统计显示,预计“小年”(1月14日)前后,将迎来2023年年货购买小高峰。 京东数据显示,近期京东上“年货”作为热搜同比飙升226%,其中“糖果”搜索量增长180%,“烟花”的搜索量更是上涨248倍。 南北方购买差异大 美团优选数据显示,最近两周,“腊肉挂钩”销量环比上月增长150%,饺子销量环比增长60%。 从地域看,腊肉挂钩、腊肠制作器成地道南方“年味风向标”。美团优选数据显示,重庆、成都、梅州、绵阳、宜宾、达州、泸州、广安、南充、资阳消费者更爱下单腊肉挂钩;湖北、安徽等地消费者更爱下单腊肠制作器。 北方消费者更偏爱饺子。美团优选数据显示,近期饺子馅挤水袋、饺子帘、硅胶揉面垫、擀面杖等包饺子用具热销。其中,天津、铁岭、哈尔滨、唐山、沈阳、济南、承德、大连、沧州、廊坊消费者更爱下单饺子帘,而爱下单擀面杖的消费者多集中在东北三省。此外,东北因室内供暖后足够热,雪糕成为招待亲友、降温解馋的热选年货。东北三省雪糕下单高峰从春节前三周就已开启。 此外,春节传统习俗的传承成为了消费者心中的主流。京东的调查数据显示,82.2%的用户表示会购买年夜饭、传统美食、土特产等,同时59.9%的用户表示愿意购买春联、年画、剪纸、装饰等提升过年气氛的产品。 此外,今年春节,健康消费受到更多关注。京东数据显示,北京用户寄出医疗保健品的金额同比增长6.2倍,广州和上海增长则达到6倍。此外,调查显示有12.4%的消费者表示会把大城市兴起的趋势新品带回家,如智能化、绿色环保等更加细分,更加优质的商品,这一定程度上也体现出消费者渴望给亲人带去改变和更好的生活的消费倾向,以及今年人们主要关注家人健康、为家里添置大件尤其是智能化普及的趋势。 《2023年快手电商年货消费洞察报告》显示,“精致养生”成过年新趋势。快手年货节期间,土蜂蜜、海参等滋补养生品,受欢迎程度大幅上升;心率血氧脉搏健康电子仪等医疗器械产品,从“医疗”特供变成过年送礼必备爆品。 年轻人异地下单“减负”返乡 过去不少人返乡过年都会拎上年货,但今年更多消费者选择了异地下单。 京东消费及产业发展研究院发布的《2023年货消费报告》显示,约70%的受访者计划回家过年,另外还有相当部分消费者选择旅游过年,因此年货节期间机票销售同比上增长200%,同时也带动“年货春运”、当地线下旅游文化消费的快速增长或恢复。 在大多数选择返乡过年的同时,年货的异地订单在上涨。京东数据显示,异地订单主要体现为身在1-2线城市或经济发达省份的用户向家乡发出的年货,其中广东、北京、上海、江苏、山东、浙江6省发出异地订单量同比增长34%。在常规年货品类中,北京下单的收货目的地最多是河北、东北和山东,上海则寄往安徽、江苏和四川,广东则主要发往广西、湖南和湖北,总体上各地偏好呈现出明显的南北区域差异。 美团优选数据显示,最近两周,平台上异地订单环比增长10%。广州、深圳、东莞、佛山、北京、上海、成都、杭州、长沙、西安等地消费者,倾向于在大城市给老家远程下单年货。美团在春节前夕增派物流运输及分拣人员,鼓励更多自提点店长在春节期间持续经营,同时加大高性价比的节日礼盒、特色年货、生鲜果蔬等商品供应。 饿了么数据显示,腊月以来,“家宴”外卖的搜索量也较去年同期涨幅超过10倍。八宝饭、佛跳墙、腊味等半成品搜索量环比增长超过30%。同时,搜索“家宴”等年夜饭相关的用户中,00后占比超过六成。 “预制菜”成电商新发力点 预制菜近年来热度快速增加,在年货采购中也受到消费者关注。京东数据显示,预制菜因省时、省力、“发挥稳定”,受年轻人和家庭消费者青睐。数据显示,糖醋里脊、狮子头、年年有余八宝饭等预制菜销量上升较快,并预计在春节前7天进入销量高峰。其中,广东、浙江、上海、江苏等南方地区消费者,对预制菜类年夜饭热情更高。 京东数据显示,数据显示,京东超市的预制菜用户年复合增速超过50%。其中,高线城市用户占比 67%,家庭用户占比 76%,成增长主力。从购买人群来看,女性占比55%、已婚占比74%, 21岁-30岁的年轻化及单身人群增长趋势明显。高线城市已婚家庭女性是预制菜消费主力。 京东超市与中国预制菜产业联盟协会发布的预制菜行业趋势显示,2022年国内预制菜市场规模为4196亿元,同比增长21%。其中,广东、山东、上海成预制菜三强省市。预制菜购买人群以高线级城市中产、家庭用户为主,已婚女性占比最高。预计2026年预制菜市场规模将达10720亿元。 产品方面,“招牌菜”及高性价比的菜肴更受欢迎,“招牌菜”中的佛跳墙、猪肚鸡、牛大骨增长190%,销售额占比最高。 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |