中新网评:美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******
中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后,美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕,众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录,将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。
资料图:美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄
由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素,众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中,美国民主党议员继续抱团,多轮投票中,一票不投麦卡锡,共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。
麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折,除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外,与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。
一方面,共和党党内反对者认为,麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱,无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府,另一方面,因为共和党的多数优势微弱,党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大,有利于他们巩固自己的选票。
此外,党内反对者也认为,自己的选票没有换取更多利益,希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步,比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。
作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物,众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任,选举几乎没有悬念。然而,麦卡锡此次为当选,不得不做出多个关键让步,其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制,使得众议长的权力被削弱,难以掌控众议院。
美国有线电视新闻网CNN称,麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步,这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。
这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下,党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上,美国两党相互拆台,陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内,也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系,相互对抗,选票变成了谋利益的工具。
从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举,“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈,长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力,其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。
两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病,美国所谓的“民主”形象,让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举,变成了政客们利益置换的游戏,进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能,不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。
House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy
(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".
The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.
Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.
On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.
On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.
Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.
As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.
But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.
CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.
This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.
Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.
From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.
Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.
The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.
《山海奇幻夜》:一览瑰丽东方之美******
作者:钟 玲
奇幻东方之美,始于山海。
在《山海经》光怪陆离的世界里,奇特的珍禽异兽、神秘的上古英雄,与山川湖海、奇花异草,共同构筑了一个“东方源宇宙”。
一部上古奇书,极尽古人对世间最旖旎的想象。1月14日北方小年夜,以《山海经》为主题的国风幻境音乐晚会《山海奇幻夜》,将在优酷、河南卫视与观众见面,“实现”数千年来人们对自然天地的浪漫神想。
自2021年《唐宫夜宴》火爆出圈开始,河南卫视在两年的时间里,又陆续打造了《芙蓉池》《纸扇书生》《洛神水赋》《墨舞中秋帖》等一系列创新传统文化的特别节目。此次与优酷合作推出的《山海奇幻夜》,将目光聚焦在传说奇著《山海经》,在舞台上重现了那个古老又遥远的山海世界,于神灵异民、珍禽奇兽、灵草嘉木的交相辉映中,铺展出一幅瑰丽的诗意长卷。
题材的突破和视听的创新,追寻传统文化新表达
张予曦的歌曲《春意晚》,歌颂美好的爱情;S.I.N.G的歌曲《红莲》,展现巾帼不让须眉的侠气;萨顶顶的歌曲《鱼跃而上》,传达鱼化鲲鹏意象之美;裁缝铺的《神树·琴侠》,寻觅《山海经》神树传说与三星堆的千年“邂逅”……
《山海奇幻夜》分别以兔飞猛进、万狮如意、年年有鱼和美年腾达4个篇章,由玉兔、醒狮、吉鱼、喜鹊四种瑞兽引出不同的祈福舞台,以传递瑞兽背后的美好寓意。
除此之外,《山海奇幻夜》还选取了三个维度的符号来进行内容创作,神兽符号、故事符号、山海奇幻世界的视觉符号。这些符号的体现运用涵盖到剧本、服化、音乐制作的方方面面。《山海奇幻夜》还在共享潮年主题的贯穿之下,以三个逻辑线索,勾画中国人亘古不变的传统新年祝愿——
“乐在一起,祈佑新年”,主持人在年夜饭中相聚,聊新年、侃瑞兽、开年符;“乐见山海,瑞兽送福”,不同的瑞兽故事引出不同的舞台节目,艺人登场送出新年祝愿;“乐享当下,国潮生活”,邀约年轻一代山海达人,追寻传统文化在现代生活中的有趣表达。
一条“山海奇幻街”和一座“山海火锅店”,汇聚国内知名的“90后”山海匠人,《山海奇幻夜》以更年轻、更国潮、更烟火的方式,与观众一起迎接新年。
音乐+故事的高度融合,映射奇幻东方之美
吴克群的《夸父追日》、萨顶顶的《鱼跃而上》、刘宇的《神想·山海入梦》……沉浸式、虚实结合的幻美盛景穿越天地、日月、山川,那些动听的音乐,通过《山海奇幻夜》的舞台,以“新姿”谱写了包罗万象的山海魅力。
夸父的壮志能在摇滚中呐喊,九尾的妩媚也可在情歌中妙曼,应龙的不畏更能在说唱中张扬……能想象得到吗?那些《山海经》里传奇的英雄与神兽,竟在现代国潮音的诠释下,有了新形象,有了新样貌。
吴克群表演的《夸父追日》,将夸父的传说与中国航天“夸父一号”卫星做了古今链接,突破了夸父形象“遥望太阳不可及”的传统定位,以夸父和巨日的“博弈”,表达“逐日——是人类心底的壮志!”的精神内核,把国人皆知的经典故事续写成新史诗,映射中国人永不言败的逐梦情怀;毛不易的《风吟诛仙》,以刻有日月山川、守护山河大地的黄帝上古神器轩辕剑作为舞台,用歌声缅怀往日英雄,追忆铁骨柔情……
在故事题材和音乐曲目的选择上,《山海奇幻夜》以适配、沉浸为基本原则,一方面选择音乐本身的故事背景和词曲意境就能代入山海传奇的音乐,一方面又将舞台的视觉延展让故事深入词曲意境去拓展观众的联想。《夸父追日》《鱼跃而上》《风吟诛仙》《星河入梦》《无畏》《红莲》等极具古风国潮的曲目,通过虚拟技术的方式,呈现出具有完整故事感的山海奇幻舞台,做到了“让音乐述说故事,让故事赋能音乐”。
《山海奇幻夜》的节目形式,并没有局限在《山海经》的一个个具体的故事中,而是通过不同角度呈现《山海经》背后的传统文化。
“妙染”“守护”“逐梦”“良缘”“不畏”……《山海奇幻夜》以10个关键词,为晚会的节目做了一番文化梳理。特别是刘宇的中国舞节目《山海画卷》,其创意核心就是“妙染”,在舞台上,他以身为笔,取色天地,在山海画卷上描绘出了鸾鸟、驺吾、烛龙三张《山海经》的巨幅画作。这三幅画作的取色均来自河南省博物院珍藏文物上的中国传统色彩,分别是汝窑天蓝釉刻花鹅颈瓶的青、武则天金简的金、《四神云气图》的赤!
用中国传统颜色之美,来制作XR的虚拟舞台;以年轻化的国潮舞蹈,来妙染山海瑞兽的风姿,这样有趣的传统文化传播方式,能以最直观的视觉体验,让观众感受到《山海经》的奇妙世界,以及中华文化的东方之美。
以山海为题、祈福为笔、瑞兽为灵,充满无穷想象力的《山海奇幻夜》,用音乐诠释流传华夏2500年的《山海经》,也用千年韵味的国风浪漫引领人们穿越回历史的星河中感受华夏文明。
这是又一次古典传奇与现代舞台的浪漫相遇,我已经等不及了,你们呢?(钟玲)
(文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎)